Īnother famous part of Medieval Sindhi literature is a wealth of folktales, adapted and readapted into verse by many bards at various times. These poets had a mystical bent that profoundly influenced Sindhi poetry for much of this period.
Other early poets were Shah Inat Rizvi ( c. The earliest known Sindhi poet of the Sufi tradition is Qazi Qadan (1493–1551). Medieval Sindhi religious literature comprises a syncretic Sufi and Advaita Vedanta poetry, the latter in the devotional bhakti tradition. This is corroborated by the accounts of Al-Ramhormuzi but it is unclear whether the language of translation was actually a predecessor to Sindhi, nor is the text preserved. According to Sindhi tradition, the first translation of the Quran into Sindhi was initiated in 883 CE in Mansura, Sindh. Sindhi was the first Indo-Aryan language to be in close contact with Arabic and Persian following the Umayyad conquest of Sindh in 712 CE.
Much of this work is in the form of ginans (a kind of devotional hymn). However, literary attestion of Sindhi from this period is sparse early Isma'ili religious literature and poetry in India, as old as the 11th century CE, used a language that was closely related to Sindhi and Gujarati. Sindhi entered the New Indo-Aryan stage around the 10th century CE. 20th century Western scholars such as George Abraham Grierson believed that Sindhi descended specifically from the Vrācaḍa dialect of Apabhramsha (described by Markandeya as being spoken in Sindhu-deśa, corresponding to modern Sindh) but later work has shown this to be unlikely. Like other languages of the Indo-Aryan family, Sindhi is descended from Old Indo-Aryan ( Sanskrit) via Middle Indo-Aryan ( Pali, secondary Prakrits, and Apabhramsha). The name "Sindhi" is derived from the Sanskrit síndhu, the original name of the Indus River, along whose delta Sindhi is spoken.
Modern Sindhi was promoted under British rule beginning in 1843, which led to the current status of the language in independent Pakistan after 1947.Ĭover of a book containing the epic Dodo Chanesar written in Hatvanki Sindhi or Khudabadi script. A substantial body of Sindhi literature developed during the Medieval period, the most famous of which is the religious and mystic poetry of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai from the 18th century. Sindhi was one of the first languages of South Asia to encounter influence from Persian and Arabic following the Umayyad conquest in 712 CE. Sindhi has an attested history from the 10th century CE, before which it is unclear how it relates to local varieties of Middle Indo-Aryan languages. In India, both the Perso-Arabic script and Devanagari are in use. The main writing system is a modified form of the Perso-Arabic script, which accounts for the majority of the Sindhi literature and is the only one currently used in Pakistan. Sindhi ( English pronunciation: / ˈ s ɪ n d i/ Naskh: سنڌي, Nastaliq: سنڌي, Sindhi pronunciation: ) is a North-western Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 30 million people in Pakistan, primarily in the province of Sindh, where it has official status, and by 1.7 million in India, where it is a scheduled language at the national level, but without any state-level official status. Without proper rendering support, you may see unjoined letters or other symbols instead of Sindhi script. This article contains Sindhi text, written from right to left with some letters joined.
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